L M Dφeq/Va log Kex±S log Kex2±S Foundb Calcdc Foundd Calcde 18C6 Ca 0.088 3.96 3.96 -0.5 -3.46   Sr  0.061 5.89 5.93  1.6 -0.42   Ba  0.044 6.61 6.89  2.4 1.21 B18C6 Ca  0.12 0.75 0.78 -2.3 -6.20   Sr  0.082 2.95 2.99 -0.4 -3.14   Ba  0.072 3.79 4.07 0.6 -1.56 aEssentially based on Δφ/V versus Ph4As+BPh4 − electrode. bCalculated from the relation of log Kex± = f(φeq − Δφex± 0′) in Table 1. cCalculated from the relation of Δφex± 0′ = 2(ΔφM 0′ − ΔφA 0′ + ΔφML,org 0′) + Δφ1,org 0′ + Δφeq in Table 2. dCalculated from the thermodynamic cycle, log Kex2± = log KD,M S + 2log KD,Pic S + log KML,NB. See ref. [8]. eCalculated from the relation of Δφex2± 0′ = ΔφM 0′ − ΔφA 0′ + ΔφML,org 0′ + Δφeq in Table 2

Table 4: Δφeq and the log Kex± and log Kex2± values at 298 K standardized by their potentials.