Figure 1: Schematic illustration presents techniques for implantation of stem/ progenitor cells (s/pC, grey dot) into a diseased kidney. (a) As well after infusion via the blood vessel system as after; (b) punctual implantation into diseased parenchyma and (c) injection between the capsula fibrosa (CF) and the outer parenchyma stem/progenitor cells are exposed to the harmful interstitial fluid (IF) and damaged tubules (dT).