Annulus Fibrosis (Score 0 – 10)
Morphology of AF 0. Well organised
1. Mildly disorganised (<25%)
2. Moderately Disorganised (25-75%)
3. Completely Ruptured (>75%)
Chondrocyte Metaplasia of AF 0. No Chondrocyte Metaplasia
1. Mild chondrocyte proliferation (inner AF layers only)
2. Moderate chondrocyte proliferation (inner half of AF)
3. Marked chondrocyte proliferation (outer AF layers)
Tears and Cleft Formation 0. Absent
1. Rarely present
2. Present in intermediate amounts
3. Abundantly present
4. Scar/tissue defects
Nucleus Pulposus (Score 0 – 9)
Matrix Staining of NP 0. Red stain dominates
1. Mixture of red and green staining
2. Green stain dominates
Chondrocyte Proliferation of NP 0. No proliferation
1. Increased chondrocyte cell density
2. Connection of two chondroctyes
3. Small clones  (2-7 cells)
4. Moderate size clones (8-15 cells)
5. Huge clones (>15 cells)
6. Scar tissue defects
Endplate and Vertebral Body (Score 0 – 9)
Endplate Morphology 0. Regular homogeneous Structure
1. Slightly irregular thickness
2. Moderately irregular thickness
3. Severely irregular thickness with interruption of endplate
New Bone Formation 0. Absent
1. Minor new bone formation
2. Moderate amount of new bone formation
3. Abundant new bone formation – tendency toward bridging
Subchondral Bone Sclerosis 0. No sclerosis (<2 × thickness of dorsal vertebral cortex)
1. Mild sclerosis (2-4 × thickness of dorsal vertebral cortex)
2. Moderate sclerosis (>4 × thickness of dorsal vertebral cortex)
3. Severe subchondral bone irregularities
Table 2: Histological Scoring criteria used to assess disc histological sections modified from Bergknut’s canine histological grading system [28]. The two halves of each disc (e.g. AF1 and AF2) were scored individually according to the above criteria yielding a total disc histological score from 0 (no degeneration) to 54 (extreme degeneration).