Figure 2: Th1 cytokines production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with live (LcV), heat-killed Lactobacillus casei (LcM), pneumococcal antigen (PppA), combinations of both (PppA+LcV, PppA+LcM), LPS and Control. Panel A, IL-2 production, Panel B, INF-γ production. Results are expressed as mean ± SD of duplicate measurements determined in four independent experiments. Tukey’s test was used to test for differences between the groups. Means in the figure with different letters (a–f) were significantly different (P<0.01).