Advantages Limitations
Easy design and production Low immunogenicity
New molecular biology tools facilitate design and production DNA vaccines are poorly immunogenic in humans
Easy to scale up  
Large scale production methods available  
Safe vaccine platform  
Subunit vaccine; non-infectious, non-replicative; unable to revert to virulent forms  
Stable formulation  
Easy storage and shipping; no cold chain requirement for transport  
Cost effective  
Immunogenic  
Can induce both humoral and cellular specific immune responses (including CTL)  
CTL: Cytotoxic T Cells  
Table 1: Advantages × limitations of DNA vaccines.