Gene targeting Types of molecular techniques Source of samples Detection limit Reference
IS900 PCR Feces 7.6x106MAP/g [78]
IS900 PCR Lymph nodes 4.4x107MAP/g [78]
P89,P92 In situ PCR Tissue   [79]
F57 Real time PCR Infant milk powder 10,000cells/g [80]
IS900, F57 PCR Culture 1 cfu/pcr [81]
IS900 PCR Milk 0.21 [82]
IS900 PCR Culture 1 organism [82]
IS900 PCR Milk 10-100 cfu/ ml [83]
ISMAP02 Triplex PCR Feces 10 MAP cells/gm [84]
Table 6: List of gene targets used in molecular assays and their detection limits.