| |
Tai Chi (n=15) |
Control (n=6) |
Statistics |
p |
Effect size |
| Executive Function Measures |
| Trails-A (sec)§ |
-11.5 |
(28.5) |
-0.2 |
(5.3) |
-1.17 |
0.24 |
|
NS |
| Trail-B (sec) |
-15.4 |
(24.2) |
-7.8 |
(22.9) |
-0.66 |
0.52 |
|
NS |
| Letter Verbal Fluency |
2.4 |
(9.8) |
-1.3 |
(4.1) |
0.89 |
0.39 |
|
NS |
| Category Verbal Fluency § |
1.9 |
(8.1) |
-0.5 |
(4.8) |
-0.47 |
0.64 |
|
NS |
| Stroop Color Word |
3.8 |
(8.6) |
0.8 |
(5.2) |
-0.31 |
0.75 |
|
NS |
| Digits Backwards |
0.5 |
(1.2) |
-0.7 |
(1.8) |
1.83 |
0.08 |
|
NS |
| Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire 39 |
| Total |
1.1 |
(7.5) |
9.0 |
(8.5) |
-2.11 |
0.05* |
1.03 |
(Large) |
| Sub score |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Mobility |
2.2 |
(10.4) |
3.3 |
(12.6) |
-0.22 |
0.83 |
0.11 |
NS |
| Activities of Daily Living |
-5.0 |
(10.4) |
3.5 |
(6.1) |
-1.86 |
0.08 |
0.90 |
NS |
| Emotional Wellbeing § |
-1.9 |
(6.5) |
11.1 |
(12.3) |
-2.10 |
0.04* |
0.46 |
(Medium) |
| Stigma § |
0.0 |
(9.7) |
1.0 |
(10.0) |
-0.04 |
0.97 |
0.01 |
NS |
| Social Interaction§ |
5.0 |
(9.3) |
0.0 |
(0.0) |
-1.17 |
0.24 |
0.26 |
NS |
| Cognition |
6.3 |
(11.8) |
9.4 |
(8.6) |
-0.59 |
0.57 |
0.29 |
NS |
| Communication § |
-1.7 |
(14.5) |
11.1 |
(10.1) |
-1.92 |
0.06 |
0.42 |
NS |
| Bodily discomfort |
3.9 |
(20.9) |
9.7 |
(22.0) |
-0.57 |
0.58 |
0.28 |
NS |
| Falls Efficacy Scale§ |
-5.8 |
(15.7) |
4.8 |
(8.8) |
-1.80 |
0.07 |
0.39 |
NS |
§Indicates the data was not normally distributed. Mann-Whitney U test was performed to compare across the groups. Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) was used to evaluate the effect size.
NS=Not significant; * indicates statistically significant (p<0.05) |
