Season of plant production Geographic area Cultivars characteristics  Period (number of days after the appearance of the first floral buds) of the emergence of plant organs  Floral rate (%)
First flower emergence Completed occurrence of flower Cashew nut formation  Apple formation Male flower Abnormal flower Hermaphrodite flower
2013-2014 Centre Big apples and big cashew nuts 0.74 ± 0.09 a
(7.43)
1.35 ± 0.03 a
(23.29)
1.45 ± 0.03 a
(29.43)
1.57 ± 0.03 a
(38.93)
1.84 ± 0.03 a
(63.38)
0.62 ± 0.03 a
(9.56)
1.09 ± 0.04 a
(27.07)
Small apples and small cashew nuts 0.86 ± 0.06 a
(8.00)
1.34 ± 0.04 a
(23.18)
1.39 ± 0.02 a
(24.81)
1.57 ± 0.03 a
(38.00)
1.81 ± 0.05 a
(61.67)
0.61 ± 0.04 a
(9.48)
1.13 ± 0.04 a
(28.85)
Mean 0.79 ± 0.06 B
(7.68)
1.35 ± 0.02 B
(23.24)
1.42 ± 0.02 B
(27.40)
1.57 ± 0.02 B
(38.52)
1.83 ± 0.03 B
(62.63)
0.62 ± 0.02 A
(9.52)
1.11 ± 0.03 A
(27.85)
North-West Big apples and big cashew nuts 1.14 ± 0.05 a
(15.78)
1.72 ± 0.03 a
(54.61)
1.63 ± 0.04 a
(45.56)
1.79 ± 0.03 a
(64.11)
2.04 ± 0.03 a
(72.54)
0.55 ± 0.03 a
(7.56)
0.92 ± 0.03 a
(19.89)
Small apples and small cashew nuts 0.99 ± 0.06 a
(11.06)
1.68 ± 0.04 a
(51.41)
1.56 ± 0.03 a
(38.47)
1.71 ± 0.02 b
(51.72)
2.00 ± 0.04 a
(70.64)
0.52 ± 0.04 a
(7.09)
0.98 ± 0.03 a
(22.27)
Mean 1.07 ± 0.04 A
(13.49)
1.70 ± 0.03 A
(53.06)
1.60 ± 0.03 A
(42.11)
1.75 ± 0.02 A
(58.09)
2.02 ± 0.02 A
(71.62)
0.53 ± 0.02 B
(7.33)
0.95 ± 0.02 B
(21.05)
  GENERAL MEAN 0.93 ± 0.03 Y
(10.59)
1.53 ± 0.02 Y
(38.15)
1.51 ± 0.02 Y
(34.76)
1.66 ± 0.02 Y
(48.31)
1.93 ± 0.02 ×
(67.13)
0.58 ± 0.01 ×
(8.43)
1.03 ± 0.02 Y
(24.45)
2014-2015 Centre Big apples and big cashew nuts 1.02 ± 0.05 a (11.21) 1.59 ± 0.04 a (41.83) 1.71 ± 0.01 a (51.50) 1.92 ± 0.02 a (84.22) 2.21 ± 0.05 a (79.23) 0.50 ± 0.03 a
(6.35)
0.78 ± 0.05 a
(15.10)
Small apples and small cashew nuts 1.02 ± 0.07 a (12.82) 1.58 ± 0.05 a (42.18) 1.71 ± 0.02 a (52.29) 1.91 ± 0.01 a (82.29) 2.16 ± 0.09 a (76.31) 0.51 ± 0.07 a
(7.80)
0.77 ± 0.08 a
(15.89)
Mean 1.02 ± 0.05 B
(12.07)
1.58 ± 0.03 B (42.00) 1.71 ± 0.01 B (51.89) 1.92 ± 0.01 B (83.29) 2.18 ± 0.05 A (77.67) 0.50 ± 0.04 A
(7.12)
0.78 ± 0.05 B
(15.52)
North-West Big apples and big cashew nuts 1.17 ± 0.06 a (17.00) 1.72 ± 0.05 a (57.43) 1.83 ± 0.06 a (75.71) 2.01 ± 0.02 a (103.71) 1.80 ± 0.02 a (61.12) 0.46 ± 0.03 a
(5.43)
1.23 ± 0.02 a
(33.45)
Small apples and small cashew nuts 1.28 ± 0.04 a (20.29) 1.75 ± 0.04 a (58.56) 1.90 ± 0.04 a (84.25) 2.05 ± 0.02 a (114.19) 1.77 ± 0.02 a (59.73) 0.49 ± 0.03 a
(6.20)
1.25 ± 0.02 a
(34.07)
Mean 1.22 ± 0.04 A
(18.60)
1.74 ± 0.03 A
(58.03)
1.87 ± 0.04 A (80.27) 2.03 ± 0.02 A (109.30) 1.78 ± 0.01 B (60.44) 0.47 ± 0.02 A (5.80) 1.24 ± 0.01 A
(33.75)
GENERAL MEAN 1.15 ± 0.03 ×
(16.04)
1.64 ± 0.02 ×
(47.53)
1.65 ± 0.02 ×
(47.00)
1.83 ± 0.01 ×
(70.69)
1.90 ± 0.02 ×
(66.03)
0.50 ± 0.02 Y
(6.57)
1.09 ± 0.02 ×
(27.40)
Table 2: Effect of season of plant production, geographical area and cultivars characteristics on the cashew plant phenology (mean ± standard errors).