Antigen Function/Characteristics Expression Reference LSCs HSCs Cell surface markers CD123 High affinity IL-3 receptor (IL-3α) + - Jordan et al. (2000) CD47 Ligand for SIRPα, inhibits  phagocytosis + - Majeti et al. (2009) CD96 Activation of  Antibody dependent cell-mediated toxicity ++* + Hosen et al. (2007) CD32 Fc-g receptor 2 (FCGR2) +  - Saito et al. (2010) CD25 High-affinity IL-2 receptor (IL2Rα) + - Saito et al. (2010) CD44 Facilitates adhesive interactions, key regulator of AML-LSCs homing to microenvironmental niches ++* + Jin et al. (2006) CXCR4 Cell membrane receptor, contributes to SDF-1α/CXCR4 interactions ++* + Spoo et al. (2007)           Intracellular markers AurA Mitotic serine/threonine kinases that play a role in cytokinesis during mitosis and cell division ++* + Ochi et al. (2009) Mcl-1 Plays a critical role in maintenance and survival of LSCs ++* + Yoshimoto et al. (2009) TIM-3 Regulator of macrophage activation , role with complement-dependent and antibody dependent cell-mediated cellular cytotoxic activities + - Kikushige et al. (2010) NF-κB Transcription factor, responsible for LSC antiapoptotic activity + - Guzman et al. (2001) Abbreviations: IL, interleukin; SIRPα, signal regulatory protein α; SDF, stromal cell-derived factor; LSCs, leukaemic Stem Cells; HSCs, haematopoietic stem cells; CXCR4, C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4; AurA, Aurora A kinase; Mcl-1, myeloid cell leukaemia-1; TIM-3, T cell immunoglobulin mucin-3; NF-κb, nuclear factor-κB. *Increased expression

Table 1: Significant cell surface and intracellular targets in AML-LSCs.