| Wound type |
Cell type |
Delivery system |
Outcome |
Reference |
| Chronic wounds (n=3) |
BM-MNC
BM-MSC |
BM-MNC, injected into wound
BM-MSC, topical application |
All wounds healed. Increased inflammatory response and angiogenesis |
Badivas and Falanga [61] |
| Acute surgical wounds (n=4) and Chronic lower limb ischemia (n=6) |
BM-MSC |
Topical delivery using fibrin spray |
Reduction in chronic wound size. BM-MSC engraftment in blood vessels |
Falanga et al. [66] |
| Intractable dermatopathies (n=20) |
BM-MSC |
BM-MSCs on collagen Sponges used as wound dressings |
Wound healed in 18 of 20 patients |
Yoshikawa et al. [67] |
| Nonhealing ulcer or Lower extremities (n=24) |
BM-MSC |
Intramuscular injection and topical application |
Improvement in pain-free walking. Ulcer size decreased by 72% in BM-MSC treated group |
Dash et al. [62] |
| Diabetic critical limb ischemia with foot ulcers (n=41) |
BM-MNC
BM-MSC |
Intramuscular injection |
Improvement in pain-free walking time and fastest rate of healing in treated group |
Lu et al. [63] |
| Pressure ulcers (n=22) |
BM-MNC |
Injection into the edges of the wound |
Wound healed in 19 of 22 patients |
Sarasua et al. [64] |
| Critical limb ischemia |
ASC |
Multiple intramuscular injection |
Clinical improvement of 66.7% |
Lee et al. [74] |
| Effects of radiation |
ASC |
Repeated transplants, irradiated areas |
Significant clinical improvements. Most patients |
Riggoti et al. [77] |
| Rectovaginal fistula |
ASC, heterologous First case |
|
exhibited no rejection or adverse events, but the fistula remained open |
Garcia-Olmo et al. [75] |
| Perianal fistula |
ASC |
Fibrin glue |
Effective at inducing healing |
Garcia-Olmo et al. [76] |
