Biomaterials Cells Long-term pat. Model Dimensions CT References
2006 Self-assembly ECs 5-8 weeks maccaques large-diameter CT [71]
2010 PGA/PCLL BM-MNCs 5,8 years clinical t. large-diameter CT [103,145]
2010 PLA, fibrin SMCs, ECs, fibroblasts 6 months sheep small-diameter - [118]
2011 Decellularised art. SMC and ECs 4 months sheep small-diameter - [146]
2011 Polyester/collagen SMCs and ECs 8 weeks pig small-diameter - [147]
2011 Self-assembly/PGA ECs 5-8 weeks baboons small-diameter CT [131]
Table 3: Biomaterials, cell cultures and research models used for preclinical studies in recent years. (Abbreviations: CT - currently ongoing clinical trials, PGA – polyglycolic acid, PCLL - a copolymer of polylactic acid and caprolactone, PLA – polylactic acid.)