|
Nature of the study; disease model |
Cells used |
Functional Assessment |
Notes |
References |
Bladder replacement |
In vitro study |
Human cultured unmodified ASCs |
Not available |
ASCs formed matrix graft |
Rousseau et al. [32] |
Normal rabbits |
Autologous cultured ASCs were seeded on bladder acellular matrix. |
Cystography. Normal bladder capacity was acquired . |
Exogenous scaffold was used. |
Zhu eta al. [40] |
Bladder voiding dysfunction |
BOO |
Cultured Human ASCs injected into rat bladder wall |
UDS. Decrease bladder overactivity (frequency and irregularity of contractions ) with increase in bladder voiding pressure. |
|
Song et al. [47] |
Autologous cultured ASCs and muscle precursor cells (MPCs) injected into rat bladder. |
UDS. Micturiting pressure (maximum and threshold) and voided volumes increased. |
|
Tremp et al. [48] |
Diabetes Mellitus |
Autologous cultured ASCs injected in bladder wall or tail vein of diabetic type II rats. |
UDS . It showed Diabetic Voiding dysfunction improvement in 40-60 %. |
Improvement with local (bladder) injection is more effective than systemic (tail vein) injection |
Zhang et al. [49] |
Hyperlipidemia |
Autologous cultured ASCs injected into bladder or tail vein of hyperlipdemic rat |
Improved micturition frequency and voided volumes |
Improvement with direct( bladder) injection is more efficient than systemic (tail vein) injection |
Huang et al. [46] |
Cryo-injury |
Human ASCs differentiated into SMCs and injected into cryo-injured bladder wall of mice. |
Not available |
There was an Increase in the ASMA positive area of injured Bladder. The injected labeled cells were detected in vivo. |
Sakuma et al. [38] |
Urethral replacement |
Normal rabbits |
Autologous cultured ASCs and urothelial -differentiated ASCs were seeded on bladder acellular matrix. |
Urethrography. It revealed restoration of urethral continuity with only urotheklial-differentiated cell seeded constructs |
BrdU-labeled cells survived in vivo transplantation. |
Li et al. [39] |
Normal canine model |
Autologous SMC- differentiated ASCs and oral epithelial cells were seeded on PGA |
Urethrography. It showed slight strictures at the site of implantation |
The use of bioreactor improved the characters and outcome of engineered graft |
Fu et al. [52] |
Urinary incontinence |
Stress urinary incontinence (SUI) -rat model |
Autologous cultured ASCs |
UDS with different measures including ALPP, RUPR and bladder capacity |
SUI was mostly induced by vaginal balloon dilation and bilateral
Ovariectomy. |
Lin et al. [59] |
Unmodified ASCs and ASCs differentiated into myoblasts |
Fu et al. [60] |
Cultured ASCs with PLGA microbeads |
SUI was induced by urethrolysis. |
Zheng et al. [61] |
Autologous cultured ASCs with PLGA or NGF or both |
SUI was induced by bilateral pudendal nerve transection |
Zhao et al. [62] |
Postprostatectomy urinary incontinence –clinical trial |
11 patients received autologous ASCs with and without fat. |
Frequency and amount of incontinence, daily leakage volume, UDS and ICIQ-SF |
The cells were injected endoscopically into the region of external urethral sphincter and submuocal space. |
Gotoh et al. [63] |
Tunica Albuginea (TA) reconstruction |
Peyronie's disease (PD) |
Human ASCs injected in TA during acute phase of PD |
Measurement of Intracavernous pressure (ICP) |
|
Castiglione et al. [65] |
Normal rats |
Syngeneic cultured ASCs seeded onto SIS |
|
Ma et al. [67] |
Erectile dysfunction |
Cavernous Nerve crush injury |
Autologous Stromal vascular fraction |
Measurement of Intracavernous pressure (ICP) |
IC injection was done immediately and after 4 weeks. |
Qiu et al. [73] |
Cultured Human ASCs with NGF-incorporated hydrogel |
|
Kim et al. [77] |
Cultured ASCs and BDNF with or without udenafil |
|
Jeong et al. [78] |
Cultured Human ASCs |
Delivered by IC injection or periprostatic implantation |
You et al. [82] |
CN resection |
Cultured allogenic ASCs seeded on fat matrix |
Variable but substantial improvement of erectile function |
Lin et al. [79] |
Cultured ASCs with autologous saphenous vein |
|
Ying et al. [80] |
Diabetes mellitus |
Autologous cultured ASCs |
Type II DM rats |
Garcia et al. [75] |
Stromal vascular fraction |
Type I DM mice |
Ryu et al. [67] |
Radiation injury |
Autologous cultured ASCs |
Delivered by tail injection |
Qiu et al. [84] |
Normal rats |
Autologous ASCs differentiated into SMC and EC |
Not available |
The labeled implanted cells survived for 2months after implantation. |
Orabi et al. [83] |