| Factor |
Functions |
References |
| Brd4 |
Binds free P-TEFb |
[15,23] |
| Binds Mediator |
[24] |
| Binds JMJD6 to release P-TEFb |
[25] |
| Binds Oct4 and regulates pluripotency genes in ESCs |
[57] |
| Mediator (MED26) |
Recruits P-TEFb as a part of SEC |
[28] |
| Mediator (MED23) |
Binds P-TEFb in ESCs |
[30] |
| HIF1A |
Induces the Mediator-SEC interaction |
[29] |
| c-Myc |
Directly binds Cdk9 and CycT1 |
[31,32] |
| Binds a third of active genes in ESCs |
[33] |
| MyoD |
Binds P-TEFb to activate muscle differentiation genes |
[37] |
| Ikaros |
Binds Cdk9 to elongate the γ globin gene in erythroid cells |
[46] |
| GATA1 |
Binds P-TEFb during megakaryocyte differentiation |
[47] |
| TIF1γ |
Recruits P-TEFb to erythroid genes during erythropoiesis |
[48] |
| Klf4 |
Recruits P-TEFb during iPSC formation |
[52] |
| NF-κB |
Recruits P-TEFb to the IL-8 promoter upon TNFαstimulation |
[58] |
| Cdk8 |
Binds Mediator and promotes elongation |
[59] |
| STAT3 |
Binds Cdk9 upon induction by IL-6 in hepatoblastoma cells |
[60] |
| Estrogen receptor α |
Overcomes pausing at intron 1 of the MYB gene after binding of estrogen |
[61] |
| Androgen receptor |
Binds P-TEFb upon stimulation by androgen in prostatic cancer cells |
[62] |
| PPARγ |
Directly binds Cdk9 during adipogenesis |
[63] |
| Aryl hydrocarbon receptor |
Recruits P-TEFb to a cytochrome P450 gene upon binding to aryl hydrocarbon |
[64] |
| Brd4: Bromodomain containing 4; P-TEFb: Positive Transcription Elongation Factor b; JMJD6: Jumonji C-Domain-Containing Protein 6; ESC: Embryonic Stem Cell; SEC: Super-Elongation Complex; HIF1A: Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1A; CycT1: Cyclin T1; GATA1: GATA Binding Protein 1; TIF1γ: Transcriptional Intermediary Factor 1 γ; Klf4: Kruppel-like factor 4; NF-κB: Nuclear Factor-κB; STAT3: Signal Transducer and Activator 3; IL-6: Interleukin 6; PPARγ: Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor γ |
