HUCB Dose and Delivery Route Time of Delivery Post AMI Cell Type MI Model Lesion Size Potential Mechanism of Action Recovery Source 1X108 IC 1 Week USSC from HUCB Swine with balloon occlusion Increased USSC survived in the infarct border zone at 5 weeks, did not express cardiomyocyte/endothelial markers. Micro infarctions were found in heart No difference in global and regional LV function at 5 weeks [98] 1.1X105 IM 2.1X106 IM 20 Minutes USSC from HUCB Rats with LAD ligation Decreased cardiomyocytes generation and vascularization are dose-dependent LV structural integrity was upheld. No statistical difference between the groups in fractional shortening [111] 1.2X105 IM 2.2X103 IM 24 hours 1. Unseparated CD 34+ cells 2. FACS sorted CD34+KDR+ or CD34-KDR NOD- SCID mouse with LAD ligation 1. Decreased 2. Decreased CMC apoptosis and fibrosis were decreased and lownumber of HNA+ nuclei within a CMC context was found at 21 days after MI Improved L VE DP and dp/ dt(max) at 3 and 4 months PT [38] 5X105 IM NA HUCB mononuclear cells overexepressing CD 133+ Mice with LAD ligation Decreased Cells were detected only at the 48 hour marker Higher capillary density, showed less improved myocardial contractility then bone marrow derived cells [42] 1.5X106 IM 2.4X106 IM 1-2 hours HUCB mononuclear cells Rats with LAD ligation 1. Decreased 2. Decreased NA IM had more improved cardiac function than IV, 4X106 had a greater decrease in infarct volume [109] 1X106 IM 1 hours HUCB mononuclear progenitor cells Rats with LAD ligation Decreased NA Improved E F, dp /dt(max), and anteroseptal wall tickening at 3 and 4 months P T [40] 1X106 IM 30 minutes HUCB EP C expressing CD 34+ Rats with transient LAD ligation NA Positive human staining for new vascular structures Vascular structures formed ; left ventricular ejection fraction [45] 1X106 IM Immediately HUCB mononuclear cells expressing CD34+ cocultured with adeno associate virus Micewith LAD ligation Decreased Cells were integrated into cardiomycytes. Increased capillary density Smaller L V activity and higher ejection fraction as well as improved fractional shortening [47] 1.1X106 IM 2.1X106 IM 1.2 hours 2.24 hours HUCB mononuclear cells Rats with LAD ligation 1. Decreased 2. Decreased Limited expression of TNF-alpha, MCP-1, MIP, and INF –gamma in acutely infarcted myocardium NA [51] 1.5X106 IM Immediately HUCB MSC s expressing GATA-4 Rats with LAD ligation Decreased MSC survival increased with the expression of GATA-4 Improved L V anterior wall thickness [39] 5X106 1 hours HUCB mononuclear cells combined with fixation of collagen matrix Mice with LAD ligation NA Increased infarcted area thickness Improved left ventricular enddiastolic volume at day 45 PT [53] 5X106 IM 2 Weeks USSCs from HUCB Rats with left coronary artery ligation NA Transplanted cells seen, with some expressing cardiac tropinin-T, von Wille brand factor, and smooth muscle actin. Capillary and arteriole density were also markedly increased Improved LVEF and left ventricular dimension and posterior wall thickness at 2 and 4 weeks PT [49] 1X107 IM Immediately HUCB mononuclear cells Rats with LAD ligation Decreased Transplanted cells were detected. Collagen density was decreased. Expression of VEGF and number of micro vessels were increased Improved left ventricular wall motion, LVE DP and dp / dt (max) at 3 and 4 weeks PT [50] 100X106 IM 4 Weeks USSC s from HUCB Pigs occluded by coil NA Grafted cells were detected at 4 weeks PT Improved wall motion, regional perfusion, and EF. Scar thickness at 4 weeks PT [46] 1.0.5X106 IV 2.4X106 IV 1-2 hours HUCB mononuclear cells Rats with LAD ligation 1. Decreased 2. Decreased NA Less improvement than IM. 4X106 produced better improvement [109] 1.2-2X106 IV 7 days HUCB CD 133+ cells Rats with LAD ligation Decreased Human cells were detected LVFS and anterior wall thickness were improved at 1 month PT [48] 2X105 IV 20 minutes HUCB CD 34++ cells Rats with LAD ligation NA CD34+, CD45+, and PCAM-1+cells enhanced neo vascularization at 4 weeks after PT Improved FS and dP/dt (max) at 4 weeks PT [41] 6X106 IV 24 hours HUCB mononuclear cells Mice with LAD ligation Decreased HUCB-derived cells and human endothelial cells were detected. Expression of SD-1 mRNA and capillary density were increased. Less collagen deposition was found. Differentiation not seen. NA [44] 6X106 IV 24 hours HUCB mononuclear cells Mice with LAD ligation Decreased HUCB cells showed endothelial cell markers, but no monocyte markers. NA [42]

Table 1: Transplant Regimen and Mechanism of Action of HUCB in Myocardial Infarction.