Name Mode of Action References
Bleomycin Inhibits DNA synthesis; causes cleavage at specific base sequences. Induces apoptosis and inhibit angiogenesis. [25]
Carboplatin Forms DNA adduct and induce apoptosis. [26]
Carmustine DNA alkylating/crosslinking agent effective against glioma and other solid tumors. [27]
Chlorambucil Alkylates DNA; In leukemia cells induces apoptosis by p53dependent mechanism. [28]
Cyclophosphamide (nitrogen mustard) Crosslinks DNA and causes strand breakage. [29]
cisDiammineplatinum(II)
dichloride (Cisplatin)
Induces apoptosis by forming cytotoxic adducts with the DNA dinucleotide d(pGpG). [30]
Melphalan Forms DNA intrastrand crosslinks by alkylation of 5'(GGC) sequences. [31]
Mitoxantrone Inhibits DNA synthesis by intercalating DNA. [32]
Table 2: DNA intercalators/groove binding agents and their mode of action as anticancer agent.