M SD Range α r 1 2 3 1. IACS 62.90 12.42 12-84 0.90       2. ALMS 16.91 4.53 4-27 0.87 0.38     3. ALES 12.10 3.98 3-21 0.88 0.19 0.61   4. ALSS 12.31 4.20 3-21 0.91 0.22 0.41 0.41

Table 2: Means, standard deviations, range of scores, Cronbach’s α coefficients and Pearson correlation coefficients between scales scores (N = 662). Note: α = Cronbach’s α. IACS = Interest in Arabic Culture Scale. ALMS = Arabic Learning Motivation Scale. ALES = Arabic Learning Effort Scale. ALSS = Arabic Learning Satisfaction Scale. All the correlation coefficients (r) are significant at p < 0.01.