Leisure-time physical activity groups

Sedentary

Swimmers

Walkers

Runners

P-value

N

11229

354

2850

16161

Age (mean ± SD, years)

44.3 ± 9.6

46.6 ± 10.4^a

46.0 ± 10.4^a

44.3 ± 9.6

<0.0001

Body mass index (mean ± SD, kg/m2)

27.2 ± 4.2

26.5 ± 3.9^a

26.7 ± 3.8^a

25.9 ± 3.4a

<0.0001

Lipids (mean ± SD, mmol/L)

Total cholesterol

215.0 ± 41.2

201.0 ± 37.8^a

209.6 ± 40.1^a

205.2 ± 40.6a

<0.0001

HDL-C

43.3 ± 11.5

48.0 ± 11.8^a

45.1 ± 11.7^a

47.6 ± 12.3a

<0.0001

Triglycerides

162.9 ± 156.2

124.3 ± 79.6^a

142.7 ± 114.5^a

122.6 ± 88.2a

<0.0001

Fasting blood glucose (mean ± SD, mmol/L)

102.3 ± 21.9

99.7 ± 17.8

101.2 ± 19.1^a

99.3 ± 14.3a

<0.0001

Blood pressure (mean  SD, mmHg)

Systolic

122.2 ± 13.6

122.8 ± 12.6

121.7 ± 13.7

121.5 ± 13.7^a

<0.0001

Diastolic

82.1 ± 9.7

81.8 ± 9.1

81.5 ± 9.7^a

80.6 ± 9.5^a

<0.0001

Smoking status

       Former Smoker, %

30.0

16.7^a

32.9^a

35.4^a

<0.0001

       Current Smoker, %

28.4

14.4^a

16.3^a

12.1^a

<0.0001

Alcohol consumption (mean ± SD, drinks/wk)

4.6 ± 7.5

7.1 ± 6.7^a

4.8 ± 7.1

5.1 ± 6.7^a

<0.0001

History of myocardial infarction, %

1.2

0.3

1.5

1.7^a

0.005

History of stroke, %

0.2

0.0

0.2

0.2

0.69

History of hypertension ^b, %

18.8

15.5

17.1^a

14.8^a

<0.0001

History of Diabetes ^c, %

4.4

5.4

3.3^a

3.4^a

0.0001

Low Lung Function FEV1/FVC <= 70%, %

13.6

10.7

12.3^a

12.1^a

0.003