Sedentary

Swimmers

Walkers

Runners

P-value

Lung Function

N=11229

N=354

N=2850

N=16161

  FEV1, L

3.68 (0.70)^abc

3.94 (0.75)^ad

3.79 (0.69)^bde

3.92 (0.67)^ce

<0.0001

  FVC, L

4.73 (0.82)^abc

5.01 (0.89)^ad

4.85 (0.82)^bde

5.01 (0.79)^ce

<0.0001

  FEV1/FVC, %

78.00 (7.54)^a

78.66 (6.60)

78.25 (7.28)

78.38 (7.18)^a

0.19

  FEV3, %

91.94 (7.40)^a

91.40 (14.66)

93.26 (25.88)

93.45 (20.83)^a

0.006

  PFR, L/min

8.67 (2.71)^ab

8.82 (2.11)

8.84 (2.22)^ac

9.17 (2.23)^be

<0.0001

Heart Function

  Resting Heart Rate

64.6 (10.5)^abc

57.5 (9.0)^ad

61.4 (10.3)^bde

57.5 (10.2)^ce

<0.0001

  Exercise heart rate at 5 min

117.0 (15.6)^abc

106.8 (14.8)^ad

111.0 (14.2)^bde

105.7 (14.5)^ce

<0.0001

  Exercise heart rate at 10 min

142.9 (17.0)^abc

131.6 (17.2)^ad

136.7 (16.5)^bde

129.7 (16.8)^ce

<0.0001

  Exercise heart rate at 15 min

166.0 (16.1)^abc

156.2 (16.8)^ad

160.7 (16.1)^bde

153.3 (16.9)^ce

<0.0001

  Exercise systolic BP at 5 min

153.9 (22.8)^abc

147.3 (20.1)^a

150.6 (21.8)^bd

148.5 (20.5)^cd

<0.0001

  Exercise systolic BP at 10 min

172.8 (24.2)^abc

166.4 (22.0)^ad

170.5 (24.2)^bde

166.8 (22.6)^ce

<0.0001

  Exercise systolic BP at 15 min

181.7 (21.9)

181.1 (22.1)

182.1 (22.3)

181.0 (22.2)

0.29

  Heart rate recovery

66.9 (15.3)^abc

64.7 (14.0)^ade

68.5 (15.1)^bdf

72.74 (14.0)^cef

<0.0001

Exercise Capacity and Volume

  Exercise tolerance (mean ± SD, METs)

10.13 (1.95)^abc

11.95 (2.31)^ade

11.12 (2.10)^bdf

12.76 (2.41)^cef

<0.0001

  Treadmill test duration (mean ± SD, minutes)

14.5 (4.1)^abc

18.6 (4.7)^ade

16.9 (4.4)^bdf

20.2 (4.8)^cef

<0.0001

  MET-minutes (mean ± SD, MET-min/wk)

0 (0)^abc

1398.7 (1444.8)^ad

490.8 (841.8)^bde

1267.0 (1345.7)^ce

<0.0001