Sedentary

Swimmers

Walkers

Runners

P-value

Lung Function

N=11229

N=354

N=2850

N=16161

 

  FEV1, L

3.68 (0.70)abc

3.94 (0.75)ad

3.79 (0.69)bde

3.92 (0.67)ce

<0.0001

  FVC, L

4.73 (0.82)abc

5.01 (0.89)ad

4.85 (0.82)bde

5.01 (0.79)ce

<0.0001

  FEV1/FVC, %

78.00 (7.54)a

78.66 (6.60)

78.25 (7.28)

78.38 (7.18)a

0.19

  FEV3, %

91.94 (7.40)a

91.40 (14.66)

93.26 (25.88)

93.45 (20.83)a

0.006

  PFR, L/min

8.67 (2.71)ab

8.82 (2.11)

8.84 (2.22)ac

9.17 (2.23)be

<0.0001

Heart Function

 

 

 

 

 

  Resting Heart Rate

64.6 (10.5)abc

57.5 (9.0)ad

61.4 (10.3)bde

57.5 (10.2)ce

<0.0001

  Exercise heart rate at 5 min

117.0 (15.6)abc

106.8 (14.8)ad

111.0 (14.2)bde

105.7 (14.5)ce

<0.0001

  Exercise heart rate at 10 min

142.9 (17.0)abc

131.6 (17.2)ad

136.7 (16.5)bde

129.7 (16.8)ce

<0.0001

  Exercise heart rate at 15 min

166.0 (16.1)abc

156.2 (16.8)ad

160.7 (16.1)bde

153.3 (16.9)ce

<0.0001

  Exercise systolic BP at 5 min

153.9 (22.8)abc

147.3 (20.1)a

150.6 (21.8)bd

148.5 (20.5)cd

<0.0001

  Exercise systolic BP at 10 min

172.8 (24.2)abc

166.4 (22.0)ad

170.5 (24.2)bde

166.8 (22.6)ce

<0.0001

  Exercise systolic BP at 15 min

181.7 (21.9)

181.1 (22.1)

182.1 (22.3)

181.0 (22.2)

0.29

  Heart rate recovery

66.9 (15.3)abc

64.7 (14.0)ade

68.5 (15.1)bdf

72.74 (14.0)cef

<0.0001

Exercise Capacity and Volume

 

 

 

 

 

  Exercise tolerance (mean ± SD, METs)

10.13 (1.95)abc

11.95 (2.31)ade

11.12 (2.10)bdf

12.76 (2.41)cef

<0.0001

  Treadmill test duration (mean ± SD, minutes)

14.5 (4.1)abc

18.6 (4.7)ade

16.9 (4.4)bdf

20.2 (4.8)cef

<0.0001

  MET-minutes (mean ± SD, MET-min/wk)

0 (0)abc

1398.7 (1444.8)ad

490.8 (841.8)bde

1267.0 (1345.7)ce

<0.0001


FEV1, forced expiratory volume in first second; FEV3, forced expiratory volume in three seconds; FVC, forced vital capacity; PRF, peak expiratory flow volume; MET, metabolic unit
a,b,c,d,e,f pairs denotes significant differences comparing each physical activity group with one another at p<0.05 using multiple comparisons adjusted by Tukey’s post hoc test.
All comparisons, except MET-minutes were adjusted for age, smoking status (never, former, current), history of myocardial infarction (yes, no), history of stroke (yes, no), history of hypertension (yes, no), history of diabetes (yes, no)
P-value denotes overall significant differences for at least one group

Table 2. Heart and lung function characteristics of men