| Antiasthmatic |
Total number |
Number malformed |
OR/RR |
95% CI |
Number malformed |
OR/RR |
95% CI |
| Any antiasthmatic |
45612 |
1544 |
1.09 |
1.03-1.15 |
533 |
1.13 |
1.04-1.23 |
| Number of drug groups |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| One |
24144 |
842 |
1.11 |
1.04-1.19 |
284 |
1.13 |
1.01-1.28 |
| Two |
16749 |
534 |
1.03 |
0.94-1.12 |
187 |
1.08 |
0.93-1.25 |
| Three or more |
4145 |
166 |
1.18 |
1.01-1.38 |
61 |
1.27 |
0.98-1.63 |
| Groups of drugs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Short-acting adrenergics |
35453 |
1219 |
1.10 |
1.04-1.10 |
433 |
1.17 |
1.07-1.29 |
| Long-acting adrenergics |
8947 |
287 |
1.08 |
0.96-1.22 |
102 |
1.12 |
0.92-1.36 |
| Inhaled gluco-corticosteroids |
24594 |
817 |
1.08 |
1.01-1.16 |
281 |
1.11 |
0.99-1.25 |
| Anticholinergics |
267 |
11 |
1.24 |
0.62-2.21# |
3 |
- |
- |
| Antiallergics |
1709 |
57 |
1.01 |
0.77-1.32 |
18 |
1.01 |
0.63-1.61 |
| Xanthines |
214 |
8 |
1.04 |
0.45-7.06# |
3 |
- |
- |
| Leukotriene receptor antagonists |
512 |
17 |
1.13 |
0.61-1.83 |
5 |
0.97 |
0.32-2.27 |
| Drug combinations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Only short-acting adrenergics |
20394 |
716 |
1.13 |
1.04-1.21 |
257 |
1.22 |
1.07-1.38 |
| Long-acting adrenergic or glucocorticoids only |
8467 |
270 |
1.07 |
0.95-1.21 |
86 |
1.01 |
0.81-1.25 |
| Short-acting adrenergics+long-acting adrenergics or glucocorticoids |
535 |
16078 |
1.07 |
0.98-1.67 |
192 |
1.15 |
0.99-1.32 |
| Ditto+other antiasthmatics |
24 |
598 |
1.24 |
0.82-1.86 |
10 |
1.52 |
0.73-2.71# |
#RR as observed/expected numbers with exact 95% CI.