substituents Activation energies, Ea (kcal/mol) Enthalpy changes, ΔH (kcal/mol)
  Endo Exo Endo Exo
-CH3 +9.82 +9.25 -38.49 -35.30
-OH +3.85 +3.31 -40.57 -38.25
-CN +0.42 +0.55 -42.19 -40.20
-Cl +4.62 +3.99 -39.81 -37.21
Table 5: Energetics of the reactions of 4,4-disubstituted cyclobutenones with cyclopentadiene.