Influenza A virus—genomic segments and coding |
RNA segment |
Designation |
Known and probable functions |
segment1 |
PB2 |
Cap binding subunit, polymerase, virulence determinant |
segment2 |
PB1 |
Catalytic subunit of RNA polymerase |
segment3 |
PA |
Subunit, viral RNA polymerase |
segment4 |
HA or hemagglutinin |
Receptor binding; membrane fusion of cell and virus to bring about infection |
segment5 |
NP or nucleocapsid protein |
Nucleoprotein (capsid) and viral synthesis |
segment6 |
NA |
Cleavescellular neuraminic acid prevents virus aggregation; facilitates release of newly produced virus |
segment7 |
MP or M2or M1 |
Interacts with genome and nuclear export factor, assists viral assembly (M1). |
Tetramericion channel, controls pH in Golgi during HA synthesis and in virion uncoating (M2) |
segment8 |
NS or NEP or NS1 |
Post-transcription RNAcontrol;interferon antagonist(NS1) |
Nuclear export of viral RNA, viral assembly(NEP) |