Structure name
avg ± σ (min, max) %
p (PB vs. MC)
GTV
4.1 ± 2.4 (-0.2, 8.7)
<0.01
PTV
4.8 ± 6.7 (-17.9, 14.6)
<0.01
Esophagus
1.8 ± 1.9 (-2.8, 4.9)
<0.01
Spinal cord
0.1 ± 1.7 (-5.1, 3.6)
0.82
Heart
0.2 ± 1.0 (-1.9, 2.7)
0.38
Ipsilateral Lung
0.7 ± 1.0 (-1.4, 2.8)
<0.01
Contralateral Lung
0.6 ± 0.3 (-0.4, 1.1)
<0.01
Table 4: EUD comparison between the pencil beam (PB) and Monte Carlo (MC) algorithms (i.e., PB – MC) for GTV, PTV, and OARs for all 25 patients.