p53 mutation Genomic Instability Chemoresistance/ Antiapoptotic Increased invasion /Altered cell migration Altered cell cyclefunction/ Promote proliferation Anchor age independency Cell polarity Stem cell de differentiation EMT Angiogenesis Clinical Relevance V143A ✓[30]     ✓[81] ✓[82]   ✓[83] ✓[84]   Promotes proliferation and disrupts neuronal differentiation in phaeochromocytoma[85] R175H ✓[86,87] ✓[39,88-92] ✓[9,10,93] ✓[81,90] ✓[82,94] ✓[44] ✓[15,83] ✓[12,44,95] ✓[13] Potentiates invasiveness in squamous cell carcinoma of the oesophagus[25]; Induces EMT in breast carcinoma[38] G245S         ✓[94] ✓[44]   ✓[44]   Alters cell polarity and induces EMT in breast carcinoma[44] R248Q   ✓[88] ✓[65]         ✓[88]   Associated with reduced overall survival in breast carcinoma[64] R248W ✓[33,87] ✓[16,37,91] ✓[11] ✓[96] ✓[82] ✓[44]   ✓[44]   Associated with reduced overall survival in breast carcinoma[64] R249S ✓[9]   ✓[92]             Induced by aflatoxin in hepatocellular carcinoma on background of chronic hepatitis B infection[97] R273H ✓[98] ✓[16,90-92] ✓[9 - 11] ✓[81,90,99] ✓[82,94] ✓[38,44] ✓[83] ✓[44,84,95]   Potentiates invasion and metastasis in endometrial carcinoma[100] R273C   ✓[37,92]               Associated with reduced overall survival in breast carcinoma[64] R280K     ✓[12,36]     ✓[38]       Inhibits apoptosis in breast carcinoma[101] D281G   ✓[102]   ✓[81] ✓[82]         Induces tumor growth and migration in lung carcinoma[103,104] R282Q ✓[94]                 Possible role in squamous cell carcinoma by interfering with keratinocyte differentiation[105] R282W ✓[81]                 Associated with chemoresistance in locally advanced breast carcinoma[106] *We apologies to authors whose work we have inadvertently missed in this review because of the broad scope of the topics covered.

Table 1: List of p53 mutations and their reported gain of function properties.