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Pathophysiology: Legionnaires’ disease is a serious lung infection caused by Legionella bacteria. Legionnaires' disease, also known as legionellosis or Legion fever. Over 90% of cases of Legionnaires' disease are caused by Legionella pneumophila. These bacterial species can be water-borne or present in soil, whereas L. pneumophila has only been found in aquatic systems, where it is symbiotically present in aquatic-borne amoebae. It thrives in temperatures between 25 and 45 °C (77 and 113 °F), with an optimum temperature of 35 °C (95 °F).
Treatment: People of any age may suffer from Legionnaires' disease, but the illness most often affects middle-aged and older persons, particularly those who smoke cigarettes or have chronic lung disease. Immunocompromised people are also at higher risk. Pontiac fever most commonly occurs in persons who are otherwise healthy. A significant under-reporting problem occurs with legionellosis. Even in countries with effective health services and readily available diagnostic testing, about 90 percent of cases of Legionnaires' disease are missed.
Twenty-five patients or 50 hips with bilateral Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease were reviewed at skeletal maturity in the orthopaedic departments of Leuven, Belgium, and Montpellier, France. The two groups were very similar as to age at onset of the disease, severity of involvement, and classification at skeletal maturity. The results seem to indicate that bilateral disease runs a more severe course as compared with unilateral Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease. Eighty percent presented with a Catterall group III and IV and Herring classification B and C.