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Non-pathogenic intestinal protozoa are single-celled parasites. They are found only in the lumen (cavity) of the intestinal tract. They are not found in the cells that line the intestine, and they do not spread to other parts of the body. The prevalence rate of intestinal protozoan was significantly higher in males than females. Out of the 1162 males enrolled, 604 (51.0%) were infected while 30.8% (381/1238) females were infected with intestinal protozoan. The highest protozoan infection was Giardia lamblia with the prevalence of 16.8% (195/1162) and 7.8% (97/1238) in males and females respectively. The lowest infection was Entamoeba histolytica/dispar, 0.3% (4/1162) and 0.1% (1/1238) in males and females respectively.
Good sanitary practice, as well as responsible sewage disposal or treatment, are necessary for the prevention of E.histolytica infection on an endemic level. E.histolytica cysts are usually resistant to chlorination, therefore sedimentation and filtration of water supplies are necessary to reduce the incidence of infection. With colonoscopy it is possible to detect small ulcers of between 3–5mm, but diagnosis may be difficult as the mucous membrane between these areas can look either healthy or inflamed.Asymptomatic human infections are usually diagnosed by finding cysts shed in the stool. Various flotation or sedimentation procedures have been developed to recover the cysts from fecal matter and stains help to visualize the isolated cysts for microscopic examination
