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Spasmodic dysphonia (SD) is a task specific, focal dystonia characterized by involuntary spasms of the laryngeal muscles. SD is typically an adult-onset disorder that is more prevalent in women (nearly 80%) than in men [2]. The National Spasmodic Dysphonia Association estimates that 50,000 people in North America are affected by SD. The literature provides evidence in support of a neurogenic etiology more recently linking SD to the basal ganglia, thalamus, sensorimotor cortex and cerebellum. In the past, SD has been associated with controversy in the literature as it relates to varied neurologic, psychiatric and psychoneurotic variables [14-19]. Whereas the theory that SD is attributed to a psychogenic disorder has been disproven, it is evident that a high proportion of patients with SD experience emotional reactions/disturbances, especially anxiety and depression.
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