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Although Tuberculosis and malignancy are the common causes of pleural effusion the coexistence of both the diseases in same person is an extremely rare phenomenon. Tuberculosis has been documented to occur in patients who have undergone chemotherapy for malignancy. But diagnosis of both the disease concomitantly in the initial presentation itself is very rare. Herein we present the case of a 72 year old male who presented with left sided pleural effusion and on investigation was found to have features of both TB and primary lung malignancy in the same pleural biopsy specimen.