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Glanders
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Introduction
Glanders is an infectious disease caused by gram negative bacteria Burkholderia mallei. It usually occurs by ingestion of contaminated food and water. The disease primarily affects horses, mules, donkeys and gets transmitted to other mammals such as dogs and cats.
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Epidemiology
Glanders occurs rarely in humans and gets transmitted from infected animals by direct contact with body fluids through abrasions or cuts and mucosal surfaces such as nose and eyes. Symptoms include chest pain, muscle aches, swollen lymph nodes, fever with chills, cough, pulmonary abscesses, nasal discharge and septicemia.
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Treatment and Statistics
Glanders is an illness that can be localized, pulmonary, septicemic and chronic. Glanders are treated mostly treated with antibiotics. Sulfadiazine is more effective in treating glanders both in animals and humans. Death rate in Brazil due to glanders is 7.48 with 10,582 deaths that accounts for 1.63% of total deaths.