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Entamoeba coli, E. hartmanni, E. polecki, Endolimax nana, and Iodamoeba buetschlii are generally considered nonpathogenic and reside in the large intestine of the human host. Both cysts and trophozoites of these species are passed in stool and considered diagnostic. Excystation occurs in the small intestine and trophozoites are released, which migrate to the large intestine. A small proportion of women, 69 (14%), were infected with intestinal parasites. Seven subjects (1.4 %) had tuberculosis, of which 4 (0.8%) were diagnosed as having old tuberculosis. None of the foreign brides was positive for the HIV antibody or on the syphilis screening.
Symptoms take from a few days to a few weeks to develop and manifest themselves, but usually it is about two to four weeks. The blood comes from lesions formed by the amoebae invading the lining of the large intestine. Prevention of the disease is by separating food and water from faeces and by proper sanitation measures. There is no vaccine. There are two treatment options depending on the location of the infection. If present in tissues is treated with either metronidazole, tinidazole, nitazoxanide, dehydroemetine or chloroquine, while luminal infection is treated with diloxanide furoate or iodoquinoline.
