Fungal Biotechnology

Biotechnology which can simply be defined as the application of living organisms and their components to industrial products and processes is not an industry in itself, but an important technology that will have a large impact on many different industrial sectors in the futureSome of the most important organisms used in biotechnology are fungi. Cultivation of edible mushrooms outdoors has been practised for hundreds if not thousands of years. More consistent crops and much higher yields were obtained following the development of pure spawns, sterilisation/pasteurisation technology, a better understanding of substrate requirements and the use of environmentally controlled mushroom houses. A recent innovation in food technology has been the development of Quorn myco-protein from a filamentous fungus.

Fungi are used in many industrial processes, such as the production of enzymes, vitamins, polysaccharides, polyhydric alcohols, pigments, lipids, and glycolipids. Some of these products are produced commercially while others are potentially valuable in biotechnology. Fungal secondary metabolites are extremely important to our health and nutrition and have tremendous economic impact. In addition to the multiple reaction sequences of fermentations, fungi are extremely useful in carrying out biotransformation processes. These are becoming essential to the fine-chemical industry in the production of single-isomer intermediates.

  • Fungi : A Cell factories
  • Fluorescent fungi
  • Pharamceutical products and proteins
  • Commericial recombinant enzymes
  • Biobleaching/biopulping
  • Waste treatment
  • Steroid bioconversions
  • Microencapsulation

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