Genome-Based Cancer Typing

Individuals that inherit genomic mutation from their parents are at a greater risk of certain types of cancers. Familial cancer syndromes are the group of cancers where patients inherit genomes that do not function properly, increasing the risk of developing cancer.

Approximately one hundred familial cancer syndromes are known and this range is growing. The genes identified as increasing the risk of cancer are usually autosomal dominant (only one of the pair of chromosomes has to have the mutation in order for it to be expressed) though they'll even be chromosome recessive (both chromosomes should have the mutation for it to be expressed). The identification of those genes has improved designation and helped determine new cancer treatments.

The growing use of biological therapies that have an effect on cellular signaling pathways has revolutionized the treatment of cancer, a trend which will continue as treatment ways may be individualized to people once genomic typing of their cancer is known.

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