"The commonly available transformation methods to achieve the delivery of exogenous DNA in fungi are polyethylene glycol-mediated transformation using protoplasts; Agrobacterium tumefaciens mediated transformation and electroporation method. The successful protoplast-mediated transformation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was first reported in the year 1979. Later, the use of protoplasts has been extended to several filamentous fungi. However, there are many fungi which do not yield sufficient protoplasts or whose protoplasts do not regenerate efficiently. Therefore, alternative methods of fungal transformation were developed, which are exempted from the use of protoplasts. These methods include, biolistic transformation and Agrobacterium- mediated Transformation (AMT) are the commonly used methods, which work well with most of the fungi.
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Last date updated on April, 2024