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Disease pathophysiolo: Syphilis is a Sexually Transmitted Disease (STD) caused by the spirochete bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum. The primary route of transmission is through sexual contact; it may also be transmitted from mother to fetus during pregnancy or at birth, resulting in congenital syphilis. Other human diseases caused by related Treponema pallidum include yaws (subspecies pertenue), pinta (subspecies carateum) and bejel (subspecies endemicum). Disease Statistics: n the early 1990s only 30 to 40 new serologically confirmed cases of syphilis were reported annually in Finland.
Typical syphilis patients were heterosexual men who acquired the infection abroad. Since 1993, the incidence of syphilis has increased (see figure). In 1995, a total of 118 new cases were diagnosed, which is nearly twice as many as in 1994 (63 cases). Thirty-seven per cent of all patients diagnosed with syphilis in 1995 were female, 77% of whom had been infected in Finland. Sixty-five per cent of males diagnosed in 1995 were infected abroad, 51% in Finland. Most of the cases in 1995 were found in southern Finland or in the south east near the Russian border. One cluster of 30 cases was discovered in the central part of Finland, in the city of Tampere.
Statastics: There are about 255 000 cases of syphilis were reported in the Finland. Major Research: major research on syphilis in Finland in carried out by ECDC (European Center of Disease Prevention and Control) and Historical cases of ethical Research.