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Lichen sclerosus is an uncommon condition that creates patchy, white skin that's thinner than normal. Lichen sclerosus can affect skin anywhere on your body. But it most often involves skin of the vulva, foreskin of the penis or skin around the anus. Inflammation and altered fibroblast function in the papillary dermis leads to fibrosis of the upper dermis.
Genital skin and mucosa are affected most frequently, but extragenital lichen sclerosus does occur, and even rare oral presentations are reported. The role that hypoxia and ischemia have in the initial cellular and vascular damage is supported by the finding of increased glut-1 and decreased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in affected skin.
Retrospective case-control study was using data from the medical records of 222 OLP/OLL (oral lichen planus/ oral lichenoid lesions) patients and 222 age- and sex-matched controls. History of any thyroid gland pathosis was found in 15% (n=22) of the 152 cases with OLP, in 13% (n=9) of the 70 cases with OLL, and in 8% (n=18) of the control subjects; the estimated odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) being 2.12 (1.06 to 4.21) for OLP and 1.57 (0.62 to 3.73) for OLL. When confined to hypothyroidism only, this disease was found in 10% (n=15) of the OLP cases, 9% (n=6) of the OLL cases, and 5% (n=11) of the controls; the estimated odds ratios being 2.39 (1.05 to 5.61) for OLP and 1.73 (0.56 to 4.90) for OLL.