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Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous syndrome characterized by abnormalities in carbohydrate and fat metabolism. The causes of type 2 diabetes are multi-factorial and include both genetic and environmental elements that affect beta-cell function and tissue (muscle, liver, adipose tissue, pancreas) insulin sensitivity. Although there is considerable debate as to the relative contributions of beta-cell dysfunction and reduced insulin sensitivity to the pathogenesis of diabetes, it is generally agreed that both these factors play important roles.
The projected number of people with type 2 diabetes aged 55-74 years rises from 2.4 million in 2010 to 3.9 million in 2030. From 2030 on this number will decrease slightly to 3.3 million in 2040. If every second person aged 55-74 with pre diabetes took part in a prevention program with the effect size of the Finnish Diabetes Prevention Program, 0.4 million cases could be prevented until 2030. To prevent 1.0 million cases in 2030, 90 % of all persons with pre diabetes had to take part in an intervention that reduces the transition rate from pre diabetes to diabetes by 55
The world wide incidence of Type 2 Diabetes is increasing in epidemic proportions.one of three children born today, at some stage in their lives, will become Diabetic and develop disabling or fatal complications of the disease. The Clinical Research in Type 2 Diabetes program supports human studies across the lifespan aimed at understanding, preventing and treating type 2 diabetes (T2D).
