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Hepatitis A: is a liver disease caused by the hepatitis A virus. The virus is primarily spread when an uninfected (and unvaccinated) person ingests food or water that is contaminated with the faeces of an infected person.
Symptoms: The incubation period of hepatitis A is usually 14–28 days. Symptoms of hepatitis A range from mild to severe, and can include fever, malaise, loss of appetite, diarrhoea, nausea, abdominal discomfort, and dark-coloured urine and jaundice(a yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes).
Causes: Hepatitis A usually get it when you eat or drink something that's got the virus in it. It's the least risky type because it almost always gets better on its own. It doesn't lead to long-term inflammation of your liver. Diagnosis: Specific diagnosis is made by the detection of HAV-specific IgM and IgG antibodies in the blood. Additional tests include reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to detect the hepatitis A virus RNA, but may require specialised laboratory facilities.
Treatment : Therapy is aimed at maintaining comfort and adequate nutritional balance, including replacement of fluids that are lost from vomiting and diarrhoea. Statistics: Of 267 cases enrolled in the study, 143 were children and 124 were adults. Males (62.54%) outnumbered females (37.45%). The viral aetiology was confirmed in 161 (60.29%) cases while in 106 (39.70%) cases no hepatitis virus could be detected. Hepatitis A virus was found in the maximum number of cases (26.96% cases.
