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Bone cancer can arise in any of the bones of the body but it is most commonly seen in the long bones of the arms and legs. It has the ability to attack the body within the first 20 years of life when maximum growth in the musculoskeletal system takes place. Primary bone cancers originate in the bone tissue.Common types are osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma. Other rare bone cancers include fibrosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, angiosarcoma and chordoma. Secondary bone cancer occurs when cancer cells from other parts of the body migrate to the bone tissue.
High dose radiotherapy, Paget’s disease, rare inherited genetic disorders such as Li-Fraumeni syndrome, hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) and hereditary retinoblastoma increase the chances of developing primary bone cancers. Initially, the doctor may suggest a few laboratory tests.
In India, alkaline phosphatase test is a key test for detecting bone cancers. Alkaline phosphastase is chemical substance that is particularly present in higher concentrations in the blood in the presence of highly active bone-forming cells. A positive test indicates abnormal bone tissue.
