âDilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is defined as an enlarged and poorly functioning left ventricle. By definition, the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension is greater than 2 standard deviations above the mean for body surface area and the ejection fraction is less than 50%. The estimated annual incidence of all cardiomyopathies in children under the age of 18 years is approximately 1.13 cases per 100.000 children. DCM accounts for 50% of all pediatric cases of cardiomyopathy with an annual incidence of 0.57 cases per 100,000 children. Like other forms of cardiomyopathy, the diagnosis is made by echocardiography. DCM may occur secondary to ischemia, infection, metabolic conditions, endocrine related disorders, toxins, infiltrative diseases or may be inherited. Cases of DCM not due to infection, toxin exposure or other previously mentioned causes are described as idiopathic.
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Last date updated on March, 2024