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Microscopic colitis: Microscopic colitis is a type of inflammation of the colon, or large intestine, that can cause watery diarrhea and cramping. While it can be painful and unpleasant, it's much less severe than other types of inflammatory bowel disease. Microscopic colitis is an inflammation of the large intestine (colon) that causes persistent watery diarrhea. The disorder gets its name from the fact that it's necessary to examine colon tissue under a microscope to identify it. There is no official database which gives accurate figures but it is thought that at least 20,000 people are living with IBD in Ireland. There were 5.9 new cases of Crohn’s disease in Ireland per 100,000 population in 2011 and 14.9 new cases of ulcerative colitis (although the incidence of Crohn's disease is higher than ulcerative colitis in children). Males and females are affected equally. Patients can be diagnosed at any age with the peak age of incidence being between the ages of 15 and 35, with a second (smaller) peak from the 50s to 70s.
Tests and diagnosis: A complete medical history and physical examination can help determine whether other conditions may be contributing to your diarrhea, including: Celiac disease, Autoimmune disorders, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Colonoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy with biopsy to help rule out other intestinal disorders. Both tests use a long, thin tube with a camera on the end to examine the inside of your colon. The colons of people with microscopic colitis appear normal. A biopsy can be obtained during colonoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy and analyzed for signs of microscopic colitis
Treatment for Microscopic Colitis: Avoid food or drinks that could make symptoms worse, like caffeine, dairy, and fatty foods, Take fiber supplements, Stop taking medication that could trigger symptoms, Over-the-counter drugs to stop diarrhea, such as Imodium and Pepto-Bismol, Prescription drugs to reduce swelling, such as mesalamine (Asacol, Colazal, Pentasa, and others), sulfasalazine (Azulfidine), or steroids.