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Febrile seizures are the most common type of seizures observed in the pediatric age group. Pediatric febrile seizures, which represent the most common childhood seizure disorder, exist only in association with an elevated temperature. Evidence suggests, however, that they have little connection with cognitive function, so the prognosis for normal neurologic function is excellent in children with febrile seizures.
Febrile seizure symptoms can range from mild to more severe shaking or tightening of the muscles. A child having a febrile seizure may have a fever higher than 100.4 F (38.0 C), lose consciousness, shake or jerk arms and legs etc.
The diagnosis is arrived at by eliminating more serious causes of seizure and fever: in particular, meningitis and encephalitis. However, in locales in which children are immunized for pneumococcal and Haemophilus influenzae, the prevalence of bacterial meningitis is low. If a child has recovered and is acting normally, bacterial meningitis is very unlikely.Blood test, imaging of the brain and an electroencephalogram are generally not needed.