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Von Willebrand disease (vWD) is an inherited trait where an individual’s bleeds excessively. It is very rare that the vWD is acquired later in life due to autoantibodies. The impairment of protein called von Willebrand factor which is an important component in blood–clotting process. The vWF gene is located on chromosome 12. Types 1 and 2 are inherited as autosomal dominant traits and type 3 is inherited as autosomal recessive. Occasionally type 2 also inherits recessively.
Disease statistics: Sixty patients with von Willebrand's disease belonging to 34 unrelated families were classified into the various types of the disease by analysis of the multimer patterns of von Willebrand factor. Type I disease was observed in 62% of the families. Type III (severe) von Willebrand's disease was observed more frequently in the Israeli group (29%) than in the other two series.
Treatment: The two main treatment possibilities for patients with von Willebrand disease (vWD) are desmopressin (DDAVP) and von Willebrand factor/factor VIII (vWF/FVIII) concentrates. DDAVP is a synthetic analogue of the antidiuretic hormone vasopressin; it has enhanced antidiuretic activity and no pressor activity related to vasopressin. Purified plasma-derived concentrates of vWF/FVIII are used for treatment of bleeds and for surgical prophylaxis when DDAVP is ineffective or contraindicated.
Research: Logistic regression analysis showed that while Ivy bleeding time, ristocetin cofactor, and ristocetin-induced platelet aggregation did not predict bleeding, both von Willebrand factor antigen and factor XI activity levels predict bleeding in patients with vWD. These findings suggest that mild factor XI deficiency and thrombocytopathy are common in Israeli subjects with vWD and that associated factor XI deficiency can result in clinical bleeding in these patients.