Albinism

Albinism is caused by a defect in one of several genes that produce or distribute melanin (natural pigment).  Many forms of albinism are associated with the following symptoms: Crossed eyes (strabismus), Light sensitivity (photophobia), Rapid eye movements (nystagmus), Vision problems, or functional blindness.

The defect may result in the absence of melanin production, or a reduced amount of melanin production. Albinism is inherited and requires the defective gene to be passed down by both parents Symptoms include apparent in a person's skin, hair and eye colour. They include Absence of colour in the hair, skin, or iris of the eye, Lighter than normal skin and hair, Patchy, missing skin colour.

Treatment is an ophthalmologist may perform an electroretinogram, which is a test that can reveal vision problems related to albinism. Because albinism is a genetic disorder, treatment is limited. Therefore treatment involves protecting the skin and eyes from the sun: Reduce sunburn risk by avoiding the sun, using sunscreen, and covering up completely with clothing when exposed to the sun.