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Enlarged Heart
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Cardiomegaly is a medical condition in which the heart is enlarged. It is more commonly referred to as an enlarged heart. An enlarged heart may not pump blood effectively, resulting in congestive heart failure. The causes of cardiomegaly may vary. Many times this condition results from high blood pressure hypertension or coronary artery disease.
Symptoms: If an enlarged heart becomes unable to pump blood effectively, symptoms of congestive heart failure can develop: Shortness of breath (especially with exertion or when lying flat) Leg swelling. Increased abdominal girth. Weight gain. Fatigue. Palpitations or skipped heartbeats.
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Diagnosis: There are two main types of cardiomegaly: 1.Dilated cardiomyopathy. 2.Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: There are many tests they are a. Chest X-Ray b. Electrocardiogram c. Echocardiogram d. Stress test e. Blood tests.
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Treament: Diuretics: to lower the amount of sodium and water in your body, which can help lower the pressure in your arteries and heart. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors: to lower your blood pressure and improve your heart's pumping ability. Angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs): to provide the benefits of ACE inhibitors for those who can't take ACE inhibitors. Beta blockers: to lower blood pressure and improve heart function. Digoxin: to help improve the pumping function of your heart and lessen the need for hospitalization for heart failure. Anticoagulants: to reduce the risk of blood clots that could cause a heart attack or stroke. Anti-arrhythmics: to keep your heart beating with a normal rhythm.
Expert PPTs
- Kazuo Nakamura
The relationship between vitamin K content in the body and insufficient coagulation control
PPT Version | PDF Version - Hosam A Elbaz
Characterization of the pharmacological effects of cardiac glycosides on lung epithelial cells
PPT Version | PDF Version
Speaker PPTs
- Donald silverberg
Is correction of iron deficiency a new addition to the treatment of heart failure?
PPT Version | PDF Version - Ahmed Zeidan
Effects of intravenous iron in chronic kidney disease and heart failure
PPT Version | PDF Version - Yosef Yarden
Classically, the 3âuntranslated region (3âUTR) is that region in eukaryotic protein-coding genes from the translation termination codon to the polyA signal. It is transcribed as an integral part of the mRNA encoded by the gene. However, there exists another kind of RNA, which consists of the 3âUTR alone, without all other elements in mRNA such as 5âUTR and coding region. The importance of independent 3âUTR RNA (referred as I3âUTR) was prompted by results of artificially introducing such RNA species into malignant mammalian cells. Since 1991, we found that the middle part of the 3âUTR of the human nuclear factor for interleukin-6 (NF-IL6) or C/EBP gene exerted tumor suppression effect in vivo. Our subsequent studies showed that transfection of C/EBP 3âUTR led to down-regulation of several genes favorable for malignancy and to up-regulation of some genes favorable for phenotypic reversion. Also, it was shown that the sequences near the termini of the C/EBP 3âUTR were important for its tumor suppression activity. Then, the C/EBP 3âUTR was found to directly inhibit the phosphorylation activity of protein kinase CPKC in SMMC-7721, a hepatocarcinoma cell line. Recently, an AU-rich region in the C/EBP 3âUTR was found also to be responsible for its tumor suppression. Recently we have also found evidence that the independent C/EBP 3âUTR RNA is actually exists in human tissues, such as fetal liver and heart, pregnant uterus, senescent fibroblasts etc. Through 1990âs to 2000âs, world scientists found several 3âUTR RNAs that functioned as artificial independent RNAs in cancer cells and resulted in tumor suppression. Interestingly, majority of genes for these RNAs have promoter-like structures in their 3âUTR regions, although the existence of their transcribed products as independent 3âUTR RNAs is still to be confirmed. Our studies indicate that the independent 3âUTR RNA is a novel non-coding RNA species whose function should be the regulation not of the expression of their original mRNA, but of some essential life activities of the cell as a whole.
PPT Version | PDF Version - Ishfaq A Bukhari
Protective Effect of Diltiazem and Fenofibrate Against Ischemia-reperfusion Induced Cardiac Arrhythmias in the Isolated Rat Heart.
PPT Version | PDF Version - A Martin Gerdes
PDF Version - Fatih Yalcin
PDF Version - Samuel C Dudley
PDF Version - Abdulaziz U Joury
Acute Myocardial Infarction as First Presentation among patients with Coronary Heart Disease
PPT Version | PDF Version - Helena Dominguez
PDF Version - Saverio Gentile
PDF Version