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A febrile seizure is a convulsion in a child that may be caused by a spike in body temperature, often from an infection. Febrile seizures represent a unique response of a child's brain to fever, usually the first day of a fever. Febrile seizures are dependent upon a threshold temperature or the height of the body temperature. The rate of body temperature rise as a cause is a frequently held theory, but this is unsupported by more recent laboratory and clinical studies. The type - simple or complex - may be related to a viral neurotropism or to the severity of a cytokine immune response to infection. The risk of febrile seizures may increase after some childhood immunizations, such as the diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis or measles-mumps-rubella vaccinations. A child can develop a low-grade fever after a vaccination.
Symptoms ranges from mild to severe shaking & tightening of the muscles. Most common symptoms found in children are fever higher than 100.4 F, Lose consciousness, Shake or jerk arms and legs. Vomiting, stiff neck, breathing problems, are some more symptoms found. Most of the seizures are cured or stopped within 5-10 minutes. Home treatment include Loosening tight or restrictive clothing, Timing the seizure etc. Use of (Tylenol, others) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, others) at the beginning of fever may make your child more comfortable, but it won't prevent a seizure. Oral diazepam (Valium), lorazepam intensol, clonazepam (Klonopin) or rectal diazepam (Diastat) may be prescribed for children who are prone to febrile seizures.
A similar rate of febrile seizures is found in Western Europe. The incidence elsewhere in the world varies between 5% and 10% for India, 8.8% for Japan, 14% for Guam, 0.35% for Hong Kong, and 0.5-1.5% for China. Children with simple febrile seizures do not have increased mortality risk. However, seizures that were complex, occurred before age 1 year, or were triggered by a temperature of less than 39°C were associated with a 2-fold increased mortality rate during the first 2 years after seizure occurrence. Some studies demonstrate a slight male predominance.
