Hemoglobinopathies

Haemoglobinopathy is a kind of genetic defect that results in abnormal structure of one of the globin chains of thehemoglobinmolecule. Hemoglobinopathies are inherited single-gene disorders; in most cases, they are inherited as autosomal co-dominant traits. Common hemoglobinopathies include sickle-cell disease. It is estimated that 7% of world's population (420 million) are carriers, with 60% of total and 70% pathological being in Africa.

Haemoglobin Functions :Transport of oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. This is due to the peculiar cooperation of the globin chains that allows the molecule to take in more oxygen where there is increased oxygen and to release oxygen in low concentration of oxygen.Transport of carbondioxide: from the tissue to the lungs.the end product of tissue metabolism is acidic which increases the hydrogen ion in solution. the hydrogen ion combines with bicarbonates to produce.

Symptoms and signs: Blood tests (Findings).

Statistics: Results from this study had been shown that there was high prevalence of hemoglobinpathies (27.35%) where β-thalassemia in heterozygous state occurred more frequent than other hemoglobinopathies. Out of 958 patients, 72.65% were HbAA and 27.35% were hemoglobinopathies individuals where 17.64% β-thalassemia heterozygous, 2.92% β-thalassemia homozygous, 3.86% HbAE, 1.15% HbAS trait, 1.25% HbE-β thalassemia trait and 0.52% HbS-β thalassemia trait were found. No incidence of HbSS, HbSC, HbCC, HbD and other variants of hemoglobinpathies were observed.