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Central sleep apnea (CSA) or central sleep apnea syndrome (CSAS) is a sleep-related disorder in which the effort to breathe is diminished or absent, typically for 10 to 30 seconds either intermittently or in cycles, and is usually associated with a reduction in blood oxygen saturation.
Symptoms The most common symptom of central sleep apnea is short periods during sleep when breathing stops. Some people exhibit very shallow breathing instead of actually stopping breathing. You may wake up feeling short of breath.
Treatment Several different treatments aimed at central sleep apnea include positive airway pressure, adaptive servo ventilation (ASV), oxygen, added dead space, carbon dioxide inhalation, and overdrive atrial pacing. Continuous positive airway pressure CPAP improves cardiac function in patients with congestive heart failure and CSB-CSA.Bilevel positive airway pressure Bilevel positive airway pressure (BIPAP) is effective for treating patients with hypercapnic central sleep apnea (associated with hypoventilation).
Statistics This was found in 1,232 of 1,312 patients with SAS (93.9%) and central SAS was found in 14 patients (1.1%). The overall prevalence of complex SAS was 5.0% (n = 66). The prevalence of complex SAS among 1,218 male and 94 female patients with SAS were 5.3% and 1.1%, respectively. Patients with complex SAS had significantly higher apnea/hypopnea indices than patients with either obstructive or central SAS, but were similar in both mean age and average body mass index to obstructive SAS patients. There were no significant between-group differences in numbers of patients with clinical complications including hypertension, cardiac diseases