Marketing is the combination of all the activities of a company that are associated with buying and selling a product or service. It includes advertising, selling, delivering products to people. It is a management process through which goods and services move from concept to the customer. It includes four elements termed as the 4 P's of marketing namely identification that includes selection and development of a product, Determination of its price, Selection of a distribution channel to reach the customer's place and development and implementation of a promotional strategy. It includes the process for creating, communicating, delivering, and exchanging offerings that have value for the customers, clients, partners, and society at large.
Open access to the scientific literature means the removal of barriers (including price barriers) from accessing scholarly work. There are two parallel roads towards open access: Open Access articles and self-archiving. Open Access articles are immediately, freely available on their Web site, a model mostly funded by charges paid by the author (usually through a research grant). The alternative for a researcher is self-archiving (i.e., to publish in a traditional journal, where only subscribers have immediate access, but to make the article available on their personal and/or institutional Web sites (including so-called repositories or archives)), which is a practice allowed by many scholarly journals.
Last date updated on April, 2024