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Typhus, series of acute infectious diseases that appear with a sudden onset of headache, chills, fever, and general pains, proceed on the third to fifth day with a rash and toxemia (toxic substances in the blood), and terminate after two to three weeks.R. prowazekii is inoculated into humans through the skin via the bite of the human body louse. Endothelial cells are the primary target cells for rickettsiae leading to a generalized vasculitis. The diversity of the rickettsial microvascular injuries in the infected patient explains the wide spectrum of clinical manifestations and life threatening complications.
In the Norway, about 375 cases of Typhus fever are reported in each year. Almost 10% of the Norway population is suffering with Typhus fever, a disease caused by bacteria called Rickettsia typhi or bacteria called Rickettsia felis.
Primary treatment is doxycycline 200 mg po once followed by 100 mg bid until the patient improves, has been afebrile for 24 to 48 h, and has received treatment for at least 7 days. Chloramphenicol 500 mg po or IV qid for 7 days is 2nd-line treatment.