Smart Helmet for Two-Wheelers

Through this paper we would like to share our idea of SMART HELMET for two wheeler riders in order to reduce the causalities. Two wheelers are most sold vehicles throughout the India. The Indian twowheeler (2W) industry registered sales volume of 13.7 million units in 2012-13, a growth of 2.9% over the previous year FY 2011-12. Lot of people are able to fulfil their dream of buying a vehicle of their own and it’s growing ridiculously and will grow more in future.


Introduction
Through this paper we would like to share our idea of SMART HELMET for two wheeler riders in order to reduce the causalities. Two wheelers are most sold vehicles throughout the India. The Indian twowheeler (2W) industry registered sales volume of 13.7 million units in 2012-13, a growth of 2.9% over the previous year FY 2011-12. Lot of people are able to fulfil their dream of buying a vehicle of their own and it's growing ridiculously and will grow more in future.
The number of two wheelers are growing, especially the craze among youngsters. The people are buying the two wheelers which are faster and powerful. In accordance with the growth of the number of two wheelers the safety factor also rises. There a lot of accidents those are happening every day on the roads. There are certain causes which are responsible for it. Certain reasons are responsible for it such as drivers fault, bad road, and mistake from other person on road. These reason led to accident which result in body damage these shown in Figure 1. Out of all the most severe case is of head injury, which most of the times lead to body paralysis and sometimes death. The main reason is due to lack of safety gear that is no Helmet. When the people are riding the two wheeler and then aren't wearing helmet and if, by their or some other's mistake they just met with some sort of accident, since the two wheelers have balancing on the two wheels hence after hitting the two wheeler get unbalanced and the rider fall down and at that time his head may collide with the solid surface and if helmet is not there then the head might have serious injuries (Figure 2). Now these injuries can be minimised by use of helmet but people in our country aren't using helmet as their habit [1]. So in order to minimise the injuries head injuries we came up with an idea that is SMART HELMET. The smart helmet will reduce the number of head injuries. The smart helmet will be such that without wearing it there won't be ignition in combustion chamber. When the rider is not wearing the helmet then there will be cut off from ignition and as soon as he wore it there will be a connection hence regulating the ignition.

Background
In keeping all the aspects as mentioned above we came up with the idea of smart helmet. It will reduce the number of accidents causalities shown in Figure 3.

Working
SMART HELMET working is simple. The system of helmet will be directly connected to the two wheeler ignition system by simple electronics. The smart helmet is a helmet in which there will be basically two main devices the proximity sensor and a small led light. The working will be such that when the helmet is lying idle that is the rider is not wearing it there will be cut-off region. Now the system working will be such that the led light will be continuously falling on the proximity sensor. The proximity sensor is a device that detects the nearby object or hindrance without any physical contact. Proximity sensor has very high functional life as no mechanical part is involved. The light that would be used will be harmless to human head. The arrangement would be such that one side of helmet will be having led light on one side of helmet and on the exactly opposite side there will be the proximity sensor fixed inner wall of helmet [2]. Further this will have a signal transmitter.
The system that would be inculcated on the two-wheeler would be also simple enough. The system will be non-physically connected to the helmet system. The two-wheeler will be having a signal these shown in Figure 4.
Receiver end a microcontroller that will control the ignition. The ignition system will be incorporated by diode that would be acting as cutting off and on region connector, when there will be signals transmission from microcontroller like wisely the ignition would be done [3]. If the signal is for ignition then there will be current supply to spark plug otherwise there won't be any current transfer. Now the connection will be such that when the rider will wear the helmet the led light falling on the proximity sensor would be hindered by human head and thus there will be disturbance in proximity sensor, now through the signal transmitter the signal would be transferred to the signal receiver that would be present on the two wheeler and hence the microcontroller will execute its function resulting in ignition and hence the vehicle would start.

Conclusion
By seeing those many benefits and other factor we came to the conclusion that it is the best alternate in order to reduce the number of head injury happening. This being a very innovative idea should be developed further for improvements.