+44-1647-403003
+44-1647-403003
1Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
2Department of Surgery and Diagnostic Imaging, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
Received date: Aug 23, 2016; Accepted date: Sep 15, 2016; Published date: Sep 19, 2016
Citation: Jalali AS, Behfar M, Nourian A (2016) Testicular Torsion Treatment as a Male Reproductive Health Concern. J Trauma Treat 5:329. doi:10.4172/2167-1222.1000329
Copyright: © 2016 Jalali AS, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Visit for more related articles at Journal of Trauma & Treatment
Testicular torsion is a true urological emergency and its annual incidence in men/boys younger than 25 years is 1 in 4000. This acute condition occurs most often (40% to 65%) in the neonatal period and around puberty [1].
Testicular salvage rates following appropriate diagnostic and surgical managements range from 42% to 88% [2]. The main pathophysiological mechanisms underlying bilateral testicular damages following torsion-detorsion have been shown to be related to ischemia-reperfusion [3-5].
Semen analyses as well as oxidative stress, histopathological and blood parameters evaluations after testicular torsion surgical treatments in experimental studies have shown marked abnormalities in both testes compared to normal standard values [3-8].
The degree of fertility loss following testicular torsion depends on the extent of the ischemia and the subsequent damage to the contralateral testis. Substantial body of growing evidence has suggested that testicular ischemia impairs the blood-testis barrier and exposes the contralateral testis to the potential risk of autoimmunization against its own spermatogenic cells [9].
Recently, attempts have been geared toward searching and evolution of novel therapeutic approaches such as adjunctive therapy to counteract complications arising from ischemia-reperfusion as a clinically important goal.
Based on this concept, several pharmacological agents as well as surgical interventions have been examined to prevent or reverse ischemia-reperfusion induced fertility problems [5-12].
Based on critical roles of reactive oxygen species over-production and inflammatory responses (Figure 1) in the bilateral testicular malfunction following torsion invasive treatment, post-surgical administration of safe anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory agents could be beneficial.
Figure 1: Ischemia-reperfusion pathophysiology diagram.
Make the best use of Scientific Research and information from our 700 + peer reviewed, Open Access Journals
